- Glycolic Acid is an alpha hydroxy acid that exfoliates the skin. - This 7% exfoliating solution offers gentle exfoliation to improve skin radiance and clarity. - The formula also enhances the appearance of skin texture with continued use. - It contains a derivative studied from Tasmanian Pepper to help reduce irritation associated with acid use. - This derivative is of plant origin and varies in color seasonally, this variation may be apparent in the formula from time to time. - The formula also includes ginseng root and aloe vera for visible luminosity and soothing benefits. - Contraindications: This formula should not be used on sensitive, peeling, or compromised skin. - Please refer to additional sunscreen instructions and other warnings in the provided Instructions. - The pH of this formula is approximately 3.6. Glycolic Acid has a pKa of 3.6 and pKa is the most important aspect to consider when formulating with acids. pKa involves the availability of the acid. When the pKa is close to the pH, there is an ideal balance between salt and acidity, maximizing the effectiveness of the acid and reducing irritation. Higher pH numbers in this case would increase salt, which would contrarily make the formula even more irritating than if the formula were more acidic.